TetrodotoxinResistance
TTX resistance illustrates how defensive adaptations have costs (slower locomotion).
Garter snakes evolved TTX resistance through specific mutations in voltage-gated sodium channels - the molecular target of TTX. These mutations involve amino acid substitutions that reduce the toxin's ability to block nerve signals. Resistance varies geographically: snakes sympatric with highly toxic newts are highly resistant; snakes where newts are absent have low resistance. Resistance is costly - resistant snakes are slower crawlers.
Business Application of TetrodotoxinResistance
TTX resistance illustrates how defensive adaptations have costs (slower locomotion). Business defenses against competitive threats also have costs - resources diverted from growth, reduced agility. The cost-benefit calculation determines whether defense is worthwhile.