Kherson Oblast
Only fully liberated oblast capital (Nov 2022), but front line at Dnipro River. Kakhovka Dam destruction (2023) eliminated irrigation. By 2026, agricultural recovery requires irrigation rebuilding; front line stabilization enables civilian return.
Ukraine's only full oblast capital liberated—Kherson city returned to Ukrainian control in November 2022, but the front line settled at the Dnipro River, leaving the oblast divided. Russian forces retreated to the eastern bank; artillery duels continue across the water. The city itself remains within shelling range, limiting civilian return and reconstruction.
Agricultural wealth defines Kherson's identity. The oblast's Black Sea coastline and warm climate made it Ukraine's fruit and vegetable center—melons, tomatoes, grapes. The Kakhovka Dam destruction (June 2023) flooded downstream areas and eliminated irrigation infrastructure that sustained commercial farming. Environmental damage compounds military destruction.
The southern position meant early occupation (February 2022) and prolonged Russian presence. Collaborators faced Ukrainian justice after liberation; communities navigate the social ruptures occupation created. Reconstruction requires demining, infrastructure rebuilding, and community reconciliation simultaneously.
2026 trajectory: Agricultural recovery depends on irrigation reconstruction—Kakhovka replacement is multi-year project. Front line stabilization determines civilian resettlement. The oblast tests whether liberation enables recovery or merely creates new front-line conditions.