Kanagawa
Perry's 1853 arrival made Yokohama Japan's gateway; now 2nd largest city with Japan's busiest port since 1964. 2026: testing if physical trade corridors survive digital age.
Kanagawa exists because Commodore Perry demanded it. In 1853, American warships anchored off Yokohama, forcing Japan to end two centuries of isolation. The fishing village chosen as treaty port in 1859 became Japan's gateway to Western technology, trade, and ideas. Raw silk flowed out; steam engines flowed in. By 1889, Yokohama had grown into Japan's primary international port, and Kanagawa Prefecture—built around that port—became the corridor connecting Tokyo to the world.
That gateway function shaped everything that followed. The Keihin Industrial Zone stretching from Yokohama to Kawasaki became Japan's manufacturing heartland: shipbuilding, chemicals, petroleum, automobiles, electrical machinery. When manufacturing shifted to services in the 1970s-80s, Yokohama pivoted to biotechnology and corporate headquarters for companies wanting port access without Tokyo rents. Today, Yokohama is Japan's second-largest city (3.83 million people) and its population is still growing—0.28% annually while most Japanese cities shrink.
The port itself has processed more ocean-going vessels than any Japanese port since 1964. In 2025, Yokohama announced a Carbon Neutral Port initiative, planning to demonstrate ammonia-fueled tugboats as shipping decarbonizes. The city hosts TICAD (Tokyo International Conference on African Development) in 2025, positioning itself as Japan's face to emerging markets. By 2026, Kanagawa's question is whether gateway status matters in a digital age—or whether the physical logistics that created it remain irreplaceable.