Bavaria

Bavaria is Germany's largest state by area and second-largest by population, with a distinctive regional identity and strong economy centered on automotive, manufacturing, and technology. BMW, Siemens, and Allianz are headquartered in Bavaria, along with numerous Mittelstand companies.

Bavaria demonstrates how German Länder maintain distinct economic characters while operating within the federal system. The state's strong vocational training system and cluster development around Munich illustrate regional innovation ecosystem building.