Mechanism
Shapley Value
TL;DR
In a three-member coalition controlling 90% of resources, if the alpha claims 60% (instead of the fair 45%), the other two members predictably ally against them.
Game theory's Shapley value predicts when coalitions remain stable versus fracture. Each member's fair share equals their marginal contribution to the coalition. When actual rewards deviate from Shapley values by more than 15%, overthrow attempts occur with 78% accuracy in primate hierarchies.
Business Application of Shapley Value
In a three-member coalition controlling 90% of resources, if the alpha claims 60% (instead of the fair 45%), the other two members predictably ally against them. The mathematics of fairness govern coalition durability across species and organizations.