Selfish Herd Effect
Group living explained as selfish behavior: each individual positions to place others between themselves and predators, making central positions safest and periphery most dangerous.
W.D. Hamilton's 1971 'Geometry for the Selfish Herd' explained why animals aggregate: each individual attempts to reduce its own predation risk by putting other individuals between itself and predators. This creates the 'domain of danger' concept - the area around each individual where a predator attack would target them. Moving toward conspecifics reduces your domain of danger; being central means others absorb predator attention first.
Business Application of Selfish Herd Effect
Raising organizational alarms creates collective response that protects the alarm-raiser. Employees who speak up about threats benefit when the organization responds collectively, even if speaking up seems risky individually.