San Fernando
Trinidad's industrial city anchoring the world's largest ammonia export complex and Caribbean's petrochemical corridor.
San Fernando is Trinidad's industrial hub—the second city that anchors the southern energy corridor where refineries, petrochemical plants, and LNG facilities cluster. The city's 55,000 residents live amid the infrastructure that generates 40% of national GDP.
The economy centers on hydrocarbon processing. The Point Lisas Industrial Estate hosts 11 ammonia plants and 7 methanol facilities—making Trinidad the world's largest ammonia exporter and second-largest methanol exporter. Petroleum refining, gas processing, and related industries employ thousands.
San Fernando itself provides commercial and residential services for the industrial workforce. Retail, education, healthcare, and housing support populations working in surrounding facilities. The city functions as labor pool and service center for the energy sector.
The biological pattern is industrial symbiosis: San Fernando's population exists in metabolic relationship with petrochemical facilities, providing labor while consuming wages generated by hydrocarbon transformation.