India

India operates as a federal parliamentary democratic republic with 28 states and 8 union territories. As the world's largest democracy, it demonstrates how democratic institutions function at massive scale with extraordinary linguistic, religious, and cultural diversity. The constitution establishes a quasi-federal structure with strong central government powers.

India's digital public infrastructure - Aadhaar identity system, UPI payments, and open APIs - offers a model of government-built platforms that enable private innovation, contrasting with purely market-driven approaches.