European Commission

The European Commission is the executive branch of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, and enforcing EU treaties. The Commission acts as guardian of the treaties and represents the EU's general interests, distinct from member state interests.

The Commission's competition authority (DG Competition) has become a global regulatory force, with decisions on mergers, antitrust, and state aid affecting companies worldwide. Its technology regulation - GDPR, Digital Markets Act, AI Act - increasingly sets global standards through the 'Brussels Effect.'