Watts-Strogatz Model
At intermediate p values (~0.01-0.1), the network becomes small-world - retaining high local clustering while adding shortcuts that dramatically collapse path lengths.
Mathematical model formalizing small-world networks through a rewiring process: start with a regular ring lattice (each node connects to k nearest neighbors), then randomly rewire a fraction p of connections. At intermediate p values (~0.01-0.1), the network becomes small-world - retaining high local clustering while adding shortcuts that dramatically collapse path lengths.
When to Use Watts-Strogatz Model
Use to understand how organizational networks can achieve both local cohesion (team effectiveness) and global coordination (cross-team collaboration) through deliberate addition of bridging connections without requiring full mesh connectivity.
How to Apply
Start with Regular Structure
Begin with organized local connections - teams, departments, hierarchies where people primarily connect to neighbors.
Outputs
- High clustering
- Long path lengths
Add Random Shortcuts
Create small number of long-range connections - cross-functional roles, skip-level meetings, company-wide channels. Only 1-10% of connections need to be shortcuts.
Outputs
- Dramatically reduced path lengths
- Preserved local clustering
Achieve Small-World Properties
The result balances segregation (specialized teams function independently) with integration (information flows quickly across the organization).
Outputs
- Small-world network topology