Ecology

Prey

An organism that is hunted and consumed by predators. Prey species have evolved numerous defensive adaptations including speed, armor, toxins, camouflage, and group behavior.

Used in the Books

This term appears in 24 chapters:

Foundations Environmental Sensing

"When a system deviates from its setpoint, feedback pushes it back. Thermostats. Cruise control. Blood sugar regulation. Predator-prey populations. All negative feedback loops, all serving the same function: maintaining stability in an unstable world. The mechanism is simple: sensor..."

Foundations Natural Selection

"...rought creates selection pressure on finch beak size. Winter creates selection pressure on animal fat storage. Predators create selection pressure on prey speed and camouflage. Selection pressure is the mechanism that converts variation into adaptation. Without pressure, variation persists randomly."

Foundations Ecosystem Thinking

"Guam had no native snakes. Birds nested on the ground or low branches. When snakes arrived, they encountered: - Abundant, naive prey: Birds with no snake-avoidance behaviors - No predators: Nothing on Guam ate snakes - No competition: No other predator occupied the "tree-..."

Resource Dynamics Foraging Optimization

"This isn't random wandering - it's optimized search. For sparse, randomly distributed resources (e.g., prey in open ocean), Lévy flights are mathematically optimal. Evidence: Researchers tracked wandering albatrosses with GPS."

Resource Dynamics Storage vs Immediate Use

"...buted Storage)**: - Definition: Scatter resources across multiple locations - Examples: Squirrels burying acorns, jays hiding seeds, leopards hanging prey in trees - Advantages: Low single-point failure risk (one cache stolen ≠ total loss), can distribute across optimal microclimates - Disadvantages: Hi..."

And 19 more chapters...

Biological Context

Prey populations typically fluctuate with predator populations in coupled dynamics. Prey animals must balance foraging (which exposes them) against vigilance (which costs feeding time). The 'landscape of fear' shapes prey behavior even when predators aren't present.

Business Application

Prey companies must balance growth activities (which attract predators) with defensive measures. Smaller companies in consolidating industries face prey dynamics—they must grow fast enough to escape predation or develop defenses (IP, customer lock-in, regulatory moats).

Related Terms

Tags

ecologyfood-webbehavior