Biochemistry
Melanin
A pigment that gives color to skin, hair, and eyes. Melanin absorbs UV radiation, protecting cells from DNA damage caused by sunlight.
Biological Context
Melanin production increases with sun exposure (tanning). Populations near the equator evolved more melanin for UV protection; populations at high latitudes evolved less to allow vitamin D synthesis.
Business Application
Business melanin: protective adaptations that develop in response to environmental exposure. Organizations in harsh competitive environments develop thicker defenses.