Ecology
Disturbance (Ecological)
A discrete event that disrupts ecosystem structure, changing resources, substrate availability, or the physical environment. Includes fire, storms, floods, and human activities.
Biological Context
Disturbance removes established organisms, creating opportunities for colonizers. Intermediate disturbance often maintains highest diversity—too little allows competitive exclusion, too much prevents recovery. Disturbance regime (frequency, intensity, extent) shapes community composition and ecosystem dynamics.