Business
B2C (Business-to-Consumer)
Business-to-consumer: companies that sell products or services directly to individual end users. Grocery stores, streaming services, and consumer electronics brands operate in B2C markets.
Biological Context
B2C relationships parallel herbivory or predation, where organisms compete for access to distributed, individually small resource units (consumers) rather than negotiating with a few large partners.
Business Application
B2C markets typically feature higher volumes, lower prices per transaction, and more emotional purchasing decisions. Brand, marketing, and distribution matter more than relationship management.