Concept · Sales & Marketing Frameworks
7Ps of Marketing
Origin: Extended mix
Biological Parallel
Bower birds extend basic territory defense (4Ps) with three additional elements: physical evidence (constructed bower quality), process (courtship ritual choreography), and people (tolerance of nearby males). The extended marketing mix mirrors this: services require tangible proof (the bower), delivery experience (the dance), and ecosystem relationships (competitors, partners) beyond simple product-price-place-promotion. Complexity of offering determines sophistication of signals required.