Remington Outdoor Company

Remington's 2018 and 2020 bankruptcies ended America's oldest firearms manufacturer after 202 years. The company faced declining demand after post-Sandy Hook sales surge reversed, litigation from the Sandy Hook families, and debt from a Cerberus Capital leveraged buyout. The mechanism failure was demand volatility meeting fixed costs—firearms demand spikes before potential regulation, then collapses when regulation doesn't pass.