Biology of Business

V

32 companies

Visa Inc.

Payment Networks / Financial Services

Visa isn't the biggest company in global commerce - it's the mechanism that makes global commerce work. Processing $14 trillion annually across 200+ b...

3 mentions sp500

Volkswagen

Automotive

Volkswagen's Dieselgate scandal - 11 million vehicles with emissions-cheating software, $33 billion in fines - wasn't a technical failure. It was the...

3 mentions dax40

Volocopter

Aerospace / Urban Air Mobility

German electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) developer that filed for insolvency in December 2024, becoming the second German flying taxi star...

3 mentions

Vale

Mining

Vale is a Brazilian multinational mining corporation and joint venture partner with BHP in the Samarco iron ore mine in Brazil. The company is mention...

1 mention bovespa

Veolia Environnement

Environmental Services

Veolia Environnement is a French multinational operating water, waste, and energy services globally. With revenues of €44.7 billion (2024), the compan...

1 mention

Valeant Pharmaceuticals (Crisis)

Pharmaceuticals

Valeant's 2015 crisis from drug price gouging and distribution fraud demonstrates how financial engineering in pharma creates fragile structures. The...

Declined

Valero Energy

Refining

Fifteen refineries spanning the United States, Canada, and United Kingdom process 3.2 million barrels per day—metabolic throughput second only to Mara...

sp500

Valve Corporation

Gaming

Valve operates Steam gaming platform with first-mover advantage in digital distribution. Platform economics with 120+ million active users.

private, Gaming +2

Vanguard

Financial Services/Asset Management

The investment firm that built $9 trillion on a signal impossible to fake: we literally cannot cheat you. Founded in 1975 by John Bogle, Vanguard ope...

VAT Group

Vacuum Valves for Semiconductors

VAT Group occupies a keystone position in semiconductor manufacturing: vacuum valves controlling ultra-high vacuum environments where chips are made....

smi

VDL Group

Precision Manufacturing

Netherlands-based company that manufactures precision mechanical modules for ASML's lithography systems. Part of ASML's mutualistic supplier ecosystem...

Venmo

Mobile Payments

Venmo processed $325 billion in payment volume across 90 million active users in 2024, but those numbers obscure the mechanism that made growth possib...

VeriSign

Internet Infrastructure

VeriSign operates .com and .net domain registry with monopoly position. Extreme first-mover advantage with network effects from established standards.

nasdaq100

Verizon

Telecommunications

Verizon delivered 306,000 broadband net additions in Q3 2025, with 261,000 coming from fixed wireless access (FWA) and 61,000 from Fios fiber—the best...

sp500

Vertex Pharmaceuticals

Pharmaceuticals

Pharmaceutical company specializing in rare diseases, especially cystic fibrosis. Limits executive hiring from oncology-focused pharma (Genentech, Bri...

Vertu

Consumer Electronics/Mobile

British luxury mobile phone manufacturer (2002-2017) that exemplifies failed intersexual choice - courting preferences customers didn't actually have....

Vestas Wind Systems

Renewables

In 2012, Vestas made a bet that would reshape wind energy economics: modular platforms. The Danish manufacturer—now holding 30% market share outside C...

Vice Media (Bankruptcy)

Digital Media

Vice Media's 2023 bankruptcy from $5.7 billion valuation demonstrates how media organizations can grow faster than sustainable business models. The 'v...

Defunct

Vinci

Construction

Vinci generated €71.6 billion revenue in 2024 with €6.8 billion free cash flow, operating through a concession model where the company finances, build...

eurostoxx

Vine

Social Media

Vine's October 2016 shutdown by Twitter ended the 6-second video platform that created a new content format and generation of creators. Twitter had ac...

Defunct

Virgin Australia

Airlines

Virgin Australia's 2020 bankruptcy forced the airline into administration during COVID-19. The carrier had been struggling before the pandemic, caught...

Private

Virgin Australia (2020)

Aviation

Virgin Australia's April 2020 bankruptcy made it the largest Australian corporate collapse by revenue, owing $6.8 billion to creditors. The airline ha...

Defunct

Virgin Megastores

Retail

Virgin Megastores' 2009 U.S. closure ended Richard Branson's attempt to build experiential music retail. The stores offered not just CDs but listening...

Defunct

Virgin Orbit

Aerospace

Virgin Orbit's 2023 bankruptcy ended Richard Branson's attempt to compete in the small satellite launch market. The company had developed an air-launc...

Defunct

Vivendi

Media & Entertainment

Vivendi executed a corporate fission on December 13, 2024, spinning off Canal+ (pay TV), Louis Hachette Group (publishing), and Havas (advertising) as...

cac40

Vodacom

Telecommunications

Vodacom serves 211.3 million mobile subscribers and 87.7 million financial services customers—but these numbers understate the mutualistic architectur...

jsetop40

Vodafone

Telecommunications

Vodafone completed its £16.5 billion merger with Three UK on May 31, 2025, creating VodafoneThree with 27 million customers—the UK's largest mobile op...

ftse100

Volkswagen (Dieselgate)

Automotive

Volkswagen's 2015 emissions scandal revealed 11 million vehicles had software designed to cheat emissions tests. The 'clean diesel' that seemed to out...

ETR:VOW

Volkswagen Group

Automotive Manufacturing

Multinational automotive conglomerate with 12 brands including VW, Audi, Porsche, and Bentley, executing massive electrification strategy across its p...

FWB, FTSE

Volvo

Commercial Vehicles & Equipment

Volvo Group's 2024 results—SEK 526.8 billion revenue with 12.5% adjusted operating margin and SEK 85.9 billion net cash—fund a phase transition most i...

sp500, nasdaq100

Vonovia

Real Estate

Sessile organisms can't hunt for resources—they must defend territory and extract maximum value from fixed locations. Vonovia owns 565,000 apartments...

dax40

Voyager Digital

Cryptocurrency Brokerage

Voyager Digital's July 2022 bankruptcy was triggered by the collapse of Three Arrows Capital, a crypto hedge fund that owed Voyager $650 million. When...

Defunct