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51 companies
Nintendo
Gaming & Entertainment
Nintendo is 135 years old. The company started making playing cards in 1889, pivoted to toys in the 1970s, and has survived every gaming industry cycl...
Netflix
Entertainment / Streaming
Netflix has died and been reborn three times - DVD rental (1997-2007), streaming service (2007-2013), global content studio (2013-present). Most compa...
Nokia
Mobile Phones / Telecommunications
Nokia understood the iPhone's significance immediately in 2007 - and collapsed anyway. That's the lesson. The company held 40.4% global market share,...
Novo Nordisk
Pharmaceuticals
Novo Nordisk did one thing for 100 years: diabetes. Not cancer, not cardiovascular, not general pharma. Just metabolic disease. In the 1960s-1970s, as...
Nissan
Automotive
Japanese automaker that was near bankruptcy in 1999 with $20B in debt and -3.5% operating margins before forming an alliance with Renault. Rather than...
Nikon
Photography & Imaging
Nikon is mentioned alongside Sony and Canon as competitors that captured the digital photography market while Kodak failed to act. Nikon's ability to...
NTT
Telecommunications
Japan's NTT, founded in 1952 as a state-owned monopoly, built the world's most reliable telecommunications network by treating acoustic communication...
Nvidia Corporation
Semiconductors / AI Hardware
Nvidia briefly touched $4 trillion market capitalization in July 2025—the first company ever to reach this threshold—before settling at $4.4 trillion...
Nash Motors
Automotive
Nash's 1954 merger with Hudson created American Motors, ending Nash independence after pioneering unitized construction and compact cars. The Nash Ram...
Naspers
Technology & Media
Naspers is corporate biology's clearest example of obligate mutualism. The company's $32 million investment in Tencent in 2001 has ballooned to over $...
Nasty Gal
E-commerce
Nasty Gal's November 2016 bankruptcy collapsed Sophia Amoruso's fashion e-commerce success story. The company that started on eBay selling vintage clo...
National Airlines (2002)
Aviation
National Airlines' 2002 closure ended a Las Vegas-based carrier that had grown quickly after 1999 launch. The company targeted transcontinental leisur...
National Australia Bank
Banking & Financial Services
National Australia Bank's identity as "Australia's business bank" demonstrates niche specialization that creates competitive moats through expertise a...
National Brewing Company
Beverages
National Brewing's 1979 closure ended Baltimore's last brewery after Carling acquired then abandoned it. The company that made National Bohemian ('Nat...
National Century Financial
Healthcare Finance
National Century's 2002 collapse represents healthcare's Enron—a $3 billion fraud that devastated thousands of healthcare providers. The company advan...
National Grid
Utilities
National Grid submitted a £35 billion business plan to Ofgem for 2026-2031, the largest transmission grid overhaul in generations. This is not increme...
National Indemnity
Insurance
Jack Ringwalt's insurance company generated $19 million in float when Buffett acquired it in 1967 for $8.6 million. That $19 million float—premiums co...
National Semiconductor
Semiconductors
Semiconductor company that emerged from Fairchild's spinout wave, founded by Pierre Lamond. Part of the monocarpic flowering event that seeded Silicon...
Natura & Co
Consumer Goods
In 2024, Natura & Co executed one of retail's most dramatic examples of controlled decomposition. The company recorded an R$8.9 billion net loss, driv...
NatWest
Banking
NatWest Group is executing financial metamorphosis: transitioning from government-owned rescue case to private-sector competitor. The UK Treasury's st...
Naver Corporation
Internet & Technology
Naver crossed KRW 10 trillion in annual revenue in 2024 (KRW 10.7377 trillion, $7.7 billion)—the first Korean internet platform to reach that mileston...
Nedbank Group
Banking & Financial Services
Nedbank Group occupies the uncomfortable middle position in South Africa's banking oligopoly - neither the largest (Standard Bank), nor the fastest-gr...
Neiman Marcus
Department Store
Neiman Marcus's 2020 bankruptcy forced a luxury department store institution into restructuring after 113 years of operation. The company that had def...
Neiman Marcus (2020)
Retail
Neiman Marcus's May 2020 bankruptcy ended the luxury retailer's independence after a disastrous $6 billion leveraged buyout in 2013. Ares Management a...
Neste Corporation
Renewable Energy
Neste achieved the rarest corporate transformation: metabolic conversion from fossil fuel refiner to renewable fuel leader without extinction event. T...
Nestlé
Food & Beverage
Nestlé's $99 billion revenue empire (CHF 91.4B, 2024) spans 2,000+ brands across 187 countries, but its biological secret is redundancy layered across...
Nestle India
FMCG
₹242 billion net sales in 2024, 59% instant noodles market share, presence in 50% of Indian homes—Nestle India functions as a dominant species across...
NetEase
Technology
NetEase is one of China's leading internet and gaming companies, known for developing popular online games and mobile titles, with partnerships with m...
New Century Financial
Financial Services
New Century Financial's 2007 bankruptcy made it the largest subprime lender failure, a preview of the broader crisis to come. The company had grown fr...
Newman's Own
Food & Beverage
Food company founded by Paul Newman in 1982 that operated polycarpically for 26 years, donating 100% of profits ($550M+) to charity. However, after Ne...
Newmont Corporation
Mining & Materials
Newmont operates as apex predator in the gold mining ecosystem. At 6+ million ounces of annual production across four continents, the company occupies...
Newsweek (Decline)
Magazine
Newsweek's fall from Time rival to $1 sale demonstrates how news magazines faced extinction when the internet eliminated the weekly news cycle. The ma...
Next
Retail
Next is a leading UK clothing, footwear, and home products retailer. The company operates stores and a highly successful online and catalogue business...
NextEra Energy
Utilities & Renewable Energy
NextEra Energy placed 8.7 gigawatts of new renewable and storage projects into service in 2024, the third consecutive year of record origination. The...
Nike
Apparel & Footwear
Nike's digital sales fell 15% year-over-year in Q3 fiscal 2025, the fifth consecutive quarter of decline. Direct-to-consumer revenue dropped 12% to $4...
Nikola
Automotive
Nikola represents the costliest lesson in corporate biology: fraudulent signaling eventually faces detection, and punishment destroys not just the che...
Nikola Corporation
Automotive - Electric
Nikola's 2020 fraud revelation showed the electric truck company had faked demonstrations, including rolling a truck downhill to simulate driving. Fou...
NIO Inc.
Automotive & Electric Vehicles
NIO is a premium electric vehicle manufacturer often called the 'Tesla of China,' known for innovative battery swap technology and smart EVs. The comp...
NN Group
Insurance & Asset Management
NN Group demonstrates insurance-hypothesis mechanism at institutional scale. The Dutch financial services company manages €300+ billion in assets unde...
Nokia (Handset Division)
Consumer Electronics
Nokia's 2014 sale of phone division to Microsoft for $7.2 billion—from $250 billion peak—represents the most dramatic destruction of mobile industry d...
Nokia Mobile Phones
Technology
Nokia's mobile phone division sale to Microsoft in 2013 for $7.2 billion ended the world's largest phone manufacturer. Nokia had 40% global market sha...
Nokia-Siemens Networks
Telecommunications
Nokia Siemens Networks' struggles demonstrate how telecom equipment faces brutal consolidation. The joint venture merged two struggling businesses but...
Nord Pool
Energy Markets
Europe's largest electricity market, operating the integrated Nordic energy grid connecting Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. Nord Pool functions...
Nortel Networks
Telecommunications Equipment
Nortel's 2009 bankruptcy ended a Canadian technology giant that had once been worth $398 billion—the most valuable company in Canadian history. The co...
Northvolt
Energy Storage
Swedish battery manufacturer building European battery production capacity for electric vehicles. Partnerships with major automakers including VW and...
Northwest Airlines
Aviation
Northwest Airlines' 2005 bankruptcy and 2008 merger with Delta ended a carrier with 82 years of history. The airline had been leveraged-buyout target,...
Norwegian Air (Restructuring)
Aviation
Norwegian Air's 2020 restructuring demonstrates how ambitious long-haul low-cost models face destruction during crises. The carrier that challenged le...
Notion Labs
Software/Productivity
Notion demonstrates both startup-scale predator-prey dynamics and good genes signaling through design. Launching its all-in-one workspace in 2016, the...
Novozymes (now Novonesis)
Industrial Biotechnology
On January 29, 2024, Novozymes and Chr. Hansen completed Denmark's largest-ever merger, creating Novonesis: a EUR 3.7 billion biosolutions specialist...
NPC International (Bankruptcy)
Restaurant
NPC International's 2020 bankruptcy demonstrates how franchise operators face unique leverage risks. The largest Pizza Hut and Wendy's franchisee coul...
NTPC Limited
Energy
83 GW installed capacity (17% of India's total), 438.6 billion units generated in FY25 (3.88% growth), 60 GW renewable target by 2032—NTPC Limited ope...